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French C2 — Literature & Literary Criticism Official

250 mastery-level French words for literature and criticism (CEFR C2). Literary theory, narrative techniques, poetic devices, genre analysis, and scholarly interpretation with example sentences.

CEFR C2 — Mastery
At this level you can understand virtually everything, express yourself precisely. Vocabulary: ~8,000+ words (cumulative).
French → English 250 words 0 downloads C2
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WordTranslationExample
la diégèse diegesis (the narrative world) La diégèse de ce roman se déploie dans un Paris fantasmé du dix-huitième siècle.
The diegesis of this novel unfolds in a fantasized eighteenth-century Paris.
extradiégétique extradiegetic (outside the narrative world) Le narrateur extradiégétique surplombe l'ensemble du récit sans y participer.
The extradiegetic narrator overlooks the entire narrative without participating in it.
intradiégétique intradiegetic (within the narrative world) Le personnage intradiégétique devient à son tour narrateur d'un récit enchâssé.
The intradiegetic character in turn becomes the narrator of an embedded story.
la focalisation focalization (narrative perspective) Genette distingue la focalisation zéro, interne et externe dans son analyse narratologique.
Genette distinguishes zero, internal, and external focalization in his narratological analysis.
l'analepse analepsis (flashback) L'analepse permet au romancier de révéler progressivement le passé traumatique du protagoniste.
Analepsis allows the novelist to progressively reveal the protagonist's traumatic past.
la prolepse prolepsis (flash-forward) Par une prolepse audacieuse, le narrateur annonce dès l'incipit la mort du héros.
Through a bold prolepsis, the narrator announces the hero's death from the very opening.
l'incipit incipit (opening of a literary work) L'incipit de L'Étranger frappe par sa sécheresse et son détachement émotionnel.
The incipit of The Stranger strikes with its dryness and emotional detachment.
l'excipit excipit (closing passage of a work) L'excipit du roman referme la boucle narrative ouverte par le premier chapitre.
The excipit of the novel closes the narrative loop opened by the first chapter.
le paratexte paratext (titles, prefaces, notes surrounding the text) Le paratexte genettien englobe les préfaces, dédicaces, épigraphes et notes de bas de page.
Genettian paratext encompasses prefaces, dedications, epigraphs, and footnotes.
le péritexte peritext (paratext within the published volume) La préface auctoriale constitue un élément majeur du péritexte.
The authorial preface constitutes a major element of the peritext.
l'épitexte epitext (paratext outside the published volume) Les entretiens de l'auteur dans la presse forment un épitexte riche en clés de lecture.
The author's press interviews form an epitext rich in interpretive keys.
la métalepse metalepsis (transgression of narrative levels) La métalepse narrative brouille la frontière entre le monde du narrateur et celui des personnages.
Narrative metalepsis blurs the boundary between the narrator's world and that of the characters.
le récit enchâssé embedded narrative (nested story) Le récit enchâssé offre un contrepoint thématique au récit-cadre.
The embedded narrative offers a thematic counterpoint to the frame story.
le récit-cadre frame narrative Le récit-cadre des Mille et Une Nuits justifie l'enchaînement des contes.
The frame narrative of One Thousand and One Nights justifies the sequence of tales.
l'enchâssement embedding (nesting of narratives) L'enchâssement de récits multiples crée une architecture narrative d'une grande complexité.
The embedding of multiple narratives creates a narrative architecture of great complexity.
la narratologie narratology La narratologie structuraliste a profondément renouvelé l'étude des textes littéraires.
Structuralist narratology profoundly renewed the study of literary texts.
le narrataire narratee (the person addressed by the narrator) Le narrataire implicite de ce roman épistolaire est aussi un personnage de la fiction.
The implicit narratee of this epistolary novel is also a character in the fiction.
l'isotopie isotopy (semantic coherence through recurring themes) L'isotopie de l'eau parcourt l'ensemble du recueil poétique comme un fil conducteur.
The isotopy of water runs through the entire poetry collection as a guiding thread.
l'hypertextualité hypertextuality (relation of a text to an earlier text it transforms) L'hypertextualité de l'Ulysse de Joyce par rapport à l'Odyssée est fondatrice du modernisme.
The hypertextuality of Joyce's Ulysses in relation to the Odyssey is foundational to modernism.
l'hypotexte hypotext (source text underlying a later work) L'Odyssée constitue l'hypotexte majeur dont se nourrit la réécriture contemporaine.
The Odyssey constitutes the major hypotext that nourishes the contemporary rewriting.

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