Word	Translation	Example
la madre	mother	Mi madre cocina muy bien. My mother cooks very well.
Cocina: present tense 3rd person of cocinar. Possessive mi + fem noun madre.
el padre	father	Mi padre trabaja en un banco. My father works at a bank.
Trabaja: present 3rd person of trabajar. Preposition en for location.
el hijo	son	Su hijo tiene tres años. Her son is three years old.
Tiene: present 3rd person of tener. Tener + años expresses age in Spanish.
la hija	daughter	Mi hija va a la escuela. My daughter goes to school.
Va: irregular present 3rd person of ir. Ir a + la (fem article) + noun for destination.
el hermano	brother	Mi hermano mayor vive en Madrid. My older brother lives in Madrid.
Vive: present 3rd person of vivir. Mayor (older) is invariable adjective after noun.
la hermana	sister	Mi hermana estudia medicina. My sister studies medicine.
Estudia: present 3rd person of estudiar. No article before field of study.
el abuelo	grandfather	Mi abuelo cuenta historias increíbles. My grandfather tells amazing stories.
Cuenta: present 3rd person of contar (o>ue stem-change). Plural fem noun + adj agreement.
la abuela	grandmother	Mi abuela hace el mejor pastel. My grandmother makes the best cake.
Hace: irregular present 3rd person of hacer. Mejor is invariable superlative.
el tío	uncle	Mi tío vive en otra ciudad. My uncle lives in another city.
Otra: fem adjective agreeing with ciudad. No article before otra.
la tía	aunt	Mi tía viene a visitarnos el domingo. My aunt is coming to visit us on Sunday.
Viene: irregular present of venir. Visitarnos: infinitive + nos (pronoun attached).
el primo	cousin	Mi primo y yo somos de la misma edad. My cousin and I are the same age.
Somos: present 1st person plural of ser. Ser de expresses origin/characteristic.
la familia	family	La familia se reúne los domingos. The family gets together on Sundays.
Se reúne: reflexive verb reunirse, 3rd person present. Los domingos = habitual plural.
el esposo	husband	Su esposo es muy amable. Her husband is very kind.
Es: ser for inherent trait. Amable agrees with masc subject esposo.
la esposa	wife	Mi esposa trabaja en una escuela. My wife works at a school.
Trabaja: present 3rd person of trabajar. Una: indef fem article before escuela.
el bebé	baby	El bebé está durmiendo. The baby is sleeping.
Estar + gerund (durmiendo) = present progressive. Durmiendo: irregular gerund of dormir.
el niño	child / boy	El niño juega con su pelota. The boy plays with his ball.
Juega: present of jugar (u>ue stem-change). Con: preposition 'with'. Su: possessive.
el agua	water	¿Me das un vaso de agua? Can you give me a glass of water?
Das: present 2nd person of dar. Me: indirect object pronoun. De for 'of' content.
el pan	bread	Compro pan fresco cada mañana. I buy fresh bread every morning.
Compro: present 1st person of comprar. No article before uncount noun pan here.
la leche	milk	Tomo leche con el desayuno. I drink milk with breakfast.
Tomo: present 1st person of tomar. No article before leche (general/uncount).
el café	coffee	Necesito un café por la mañana. I need a coffee in the morning.
Necesito: present 1st person of necesitar. Por la mañana = 'in the morning'.

Spanish A1 — Daily Life Official

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