Elementary English words for Spanish speakers (CEFR A2). Phrasal verbs, daily routines, travel, shopping, feelings, and comparatives with example sentences and Spanish translations.
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| Palabra | Traducción | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|
| get up to leave your bed in the morning; to stand up Sinónimos: rise, stand up | levantarse | I usually get up at seven o'clock on weekdays. Normalmente me levanto a las siete entre semana. |
| turn on to make a light or machine start working Sinónimos: switch on | encender | Can you turn on the light, please? ¿Puedes encender la luz, por favor? |
| turn off to make a light or machine stop working Sinónimos: switch off | apagar | Don't forget to turn off the TV before bed. No te olvides de apagar la tele antes de acostarte. |
| look for to try to find something or someone Sinónimos: search for, seek | buscar | I'm looking for my keys. Have you seen them? Estoy buscando mis llaves. ¿Las has visto? |
| give up to stop trying or stop doing something Sinónimos: quit, stop | rendirse / dejar de | Don't give up! You can do it. ¡No te rindas! Tú puedes. |
| pick up to lift something from a place; to collect someone Sinónimos: collect, grab | recoger | I need to pick up my children from school at three. Necesito recoger a mis hijos del colegio a las tres. |
| put on to place clothes on your body Sinónimos: wear, dress in | ponerse (ropa) | It's cold outside, so put on a jacket. Hace frío fuera, así que ponte una chaqueta. |
| take off to remove clothes; also when a plane leaves the ground Sinónimos: remove | quitarse (ropa) / despegar | Please take off your shoes before entering. Por favor, quítate los zapatos antes de entrar. |
| wake up to stop sleeping Sinónimos: awake | despertarse | The baby woke up three times last night. El bebé se despertó tres veces anoche. |
| go out to leave your home, often to have fun Sinónimos: leave, exit | salir | We usually go out for dinner on Saturdays. Normalmente salimos a cenar los sábados. |
| come back to return to a place Sinónimos: return, go back | volver / regresar | What time did you come back from work yesterday? ¿A qué hora volviste del trabajo ayer? |
| find out to learn or discover new information Sinónimos: discover, learn | descubrir / enterarse | I found out that the shop closes at six. Me enteré de que la tienda cierra a las seis. |
| fill in to write information in the spaces of a form Sinónimos: complete, fill out | rellenar (un formulario) | You need to fill in this form with your details. Necesitas rellenar este formulario con tus datos. |
| throw away to put something in the trash because you don't want it Sinónimos: discard, get rid of | tirar a la basura | Don't throw away those bottles; we can recycle them. No tires esas botellas; podemos reciclarlas. |
| look after to take care of someone or something Sinónimos: care for, take care of | cuidar | My neighbour looks after my cat when I'm on holiday. Mi vecina cuida de mi gato cuando estoy de vacaciones. |
| get on to enter a bus, train or plane Sinónimos: board | subirse (a transporte) | We got on the bus at the main square. Nos subimos al autobús en la plaza principal. |
| get off to leave a bus, train or plane Sinónimos: exit, alight | bajarse (de transporte) | You need to get off at the next stop. Tienes que bajarte en la próxima parada. |
| try on to put on clothes to see if they fit you | probarse (ropa) | Can I try on these shoes in a size 40? ¿Puedo probarme estos zapatos en un 40? |
| run out of to use all of something so none is left | quedarse sin | We've run out of milk. Can you buy some? Nos hemos quedado sin leche. ¿Puedes comprar? |
| grow up to change from a child into an adult | crecer / criarse | I grew up in a small village near the coast. Crecí en un pequeño pueblo cerca de la costa. |
| look forward to to feel happy about something that will happen Sinónimos: anticipate, await | tener ganas de / esperar con ilusión | I'm looking forward to the summer holidays. Tengo muchas ganas de las vacaciones de verano. |
| give back to return something to the person who owns it Sinónimos: return, hand back | devolver | Can you give back the book I lent you? ¿Puedes devolverme el libro que te presté? |
| set up to prepare or start something, like a business or a device Sinónimos: establish, arrange | montar / configurar | He helped me set up my new phone. Me ayudó a configurar mi teléfono nuevo. |
| carry on to continue doing something Sinónimos: continue, keep going | continuar / seguir | Sorry for the interruption. Please carry on. Perdón por la interrupción. Por favor, continúa. |
| checkout the place in a shop where you pay Sinónimos: till, cash register | caja (para pagar) | There's a long queue at the checkout. Hay una cola larga en la caja. |
| receipt the paper that proves you paid for something | recibo / ticket de compra | Keep the receipt in case you want to return it. Guarda el recibo por si quieres devolverlo. |
| discount a reduction in the normal price Sinónimos: reduction, deal | descuento | Students get a ten percent discount. Los estudiantes tienen un diez por ciento de descuento. |
| bargain something good that you buy for a low price Sinónimos: deal, steal | ganga / chollo | This jacket was a real bargain—only fifteen euros! Esta chaqueta fue una verdadera ganga: ¡solo quince euros! |
| afford to have enough money to buy something | permitirse (económicamente) | I can't afford to eat out every week. No puedo permitirme comer fuera todas las semanas. |
| queue a line of people waiting for something Sinónimos: line | cola / fila | We waited in the queue for twenty minutes. Esperamos en la cola durante veinte minutos. |
| refund money given back when you return something you bought Sinónimos: repayment | reembolso | I asked for a refund because the shirt was damaged. Pedí un reembolso porque la camisa estaba dañada. |
| size how big or small something is, like clothes | talla / tamaño | Do you have this T-shirt in a larger size? ¿Tienen esta camiseta en una talla más grande? |
| fit to be the right size and shape for someone Sinónimos: suit | quedar bien (ropa) / encajar | These trousers don't fit me anymore. Estos pantalones ya no me quedan bien. |
| aisle the walking space between shelves or rows of seats Sinónimos: passage | pasillo (de tienda o avión) | You can find the pasta in aisle three. Puedes encontrar la pasta en el pasillo tres. |
| trolley the metal basket on wheels used in supermarkets Sinónimos: cart | carrito de la compra | Can you get a trolley from the entrance? ¿Puedes coger un carrito de la entrada? |
| brand the name a company gives to its products Sinónimos: make, label | marca | Which brand of coffee do you prefer? ¿Qué marca de café prefieres? |
| boarding pass the document you need to get on a plane | tarjeta de embarque | Please show your boarding pass at the gate. Por favor, muestre su tarjeta de embarque en la puerta. |
| luggage the bags and suitcases you travel with Sinónimos: baggage, bags | equipaje | How many pieces of luggage can I take on the plane? ¿Cuántas piezas de equipaje puedo llevar en el avión? |
| delay when something happens later than planned Sinónimos: hold-up, wait | retraso | Our flight had a two-hour delay. Nuestro vuelo tuvo un retraso de dos horas. |
| platform the place in a station where you wait for the train | andén | The train to Madrid leaves from platform five. El tren a Madrid sale del andén cinco. |
| single ticket a ticket for traveling to a place but not back Sinónimos: one-way ticket | billete de ida | I'd like a single ticket to Barcelona, please. Quiero un billete de ida a Barcelona, por favor. |
| return ticket a ticket for traveling to a place and back again Sinónimos: round-trip ticket | billete de ida y vuelta | A return ticket is cheaper than two singles. Un billete de ida y vuelta es más barato que dos de ida. |
| accommodation a place to stay, like a hotel or apartment Sinónimos: lodging, housing | alojamiento | We booked our accommodation online before the trip. Reservamos nuestro alojamiento en línea antes del viaje. |
| book (verb) to arrange a room, table or ticket in advance Sinónimos: reserve | reservar | I booked a table at the restaurant for tonight. Reservé una mesa en el restaurante para esta noche. |
| cancel to say that a planned thing will not happen Sinónimos: call off | cancelar | We had to cancel the trip because of the weather. Tuvimos que cancelar el viaje por el tiempo. |
| departure the moment when a plane, train or person leaves | salida (de viaje) | The departure time is six thirty in the morning. La hora de salida es a las seis y media de la mañana. |
| arrival the moment when a plane, train or person comes to a place | llegada | Check the arrivals board for your friend's flight. Mira el panel de llegadas para el vuelo de tu amigo. |
| customs the airport control that checks what you bring into a country | aduana | We went through customs very quickly. Pasamos por la aduana muy rápido. |
| sightseeing visiting the interesting places of a city as a tourist Sinónimos: touring | turismo / visitar lugares de interés | We spent the afternoon sightseeing in the old town. Pasamos la tarde haciendo turismo por el casco antiguo. |
| passport the official document you need to travel between countries | pasaporte | My passport expires next month, so I need to renew it. Mi pasaporte caduca el mes que viene, así que necesito renovarlo. |
| destination the place you are traveling to | destino | What's your favourite holiday destination? ¿Cuál es tu destino de vacaciones favorito? |
| crossroads a place where two roads cross each other Sinónimos: intersection, junction | cruce (de calles) | Turn left at the crossroads and the bank is on your right. Gira a la izquierda en el cruce y el banco está a tu derecha. |
| roundabout a circular road junction that cars drive around | rotonda / glorieta | Take the second exit at the roundabout. Toma la segunda salida en la rotonda. |
| straight on continuing forward without turning Sinónimos: straight ahead | todo recto | Go straight on for about two hundred metres. Sigue todo recto unos doscientos metros. |
| opposite on the other side, facing something Sinónimos: facing, across from | enfrente de | The pharmacy is opposite the supermarket. La farmacia está enfrente del supermercado. |
| block the group of buildings between two streets | manzana (de casas) | Walk two blocks and you'll see the park. Camina dos manzanas y verás el parque. |
| pavement the path beside a road where people walk Sinónimos: sidewalk | acera | Be careful—there's ice on the pavement. Ten cuidado, hay hielo en la acera. |
| pedestrian a person walking in the street, not driving Sinónimos: walker | peatón | This area is only for pedestrians, no cars allowed. Esta zona es solo para peatones, no se permiten coches. |
| taller of greater height than another person or thing Sinónimos: higher | más alto | My brother is taller than me. Mi hermano es más alto que yo. |
| shorter of less height or length than another | más bajo / más corto | The days are shorter in winter. Los días son más cortos en invierno. |
| cheaper costing less money than another thing | más barato | The bus is cheaper than the train. El autobús es más barato que el tren. |
| worse less good than something else | peor | The weather today is worse than yesterday. El tiempo hoy es peor que ayer. |
| better more good than something else Sinónimos: superior | mejor | This restaurant is better than the one we went to last week. Este restaurante es mejor que al que fuimos la semana pasada. |
| further at or to a greater distance Sinónimos: farther | más lejos | The beach is further than I thought. La playa está más lejos de lo que pensaba. |
| heavier weighing more than another thing | más pesado | This suitcase is heavier than yours. Esta maleta es más pesada que la tuya. |
| quieter making less noise, or more calm, than another Sinónimos: calmer | más tranquilo / más silencioso | The countryside is quieter than the city. El campo es más tranquilo que la ciudad. |
| noisier making more noise than another Sinónimos: louder | más ruidoso | The room next to the street is noisier. La habitación que da a la calle es más ruidosa. |
| safer with less danger than another place or thing | más seguro | This neighbourhood is safer than the one near the station. Este barrio es más seguro que el de cerca de la estación. |
| narrow small in width; not wide Sinónimos: tight, thin | estrecho | The streets in the old town are very narrow. Las calles del casco antiguo son muy estrechas. |
| crowded full of people Sinónimos: packed, busy | abarrotado / lleno de gente | The beach was very crowded on Saturday. La playa estaba muy abarrotada el sábado. |
| cosy comfortable, warm and pleasant, like a nice small room Sinónimos: snug, comfortable | acogedor | Their flat is small but very cosy. Su piso es pequeño pero muy acogedor. |
| lively full of energy and activity Sinónimos: vibrant, animated | animado / con mucha vida | The market area is very lively at weekends. La zona del mercado es muy animada los fines de semana. |
| plenty more than enough of something Sinónimos: lots, abundance | mucho / de sobra | Don't worry, we have plenty of time. No te preocupes, tenemos tiempo de sobra. |
| several more than two but not very many Sinónimos: some, various | varios | I've been to London several times. He estado en Londres varias veces. |
| quite more than a little but less than very Sinónimos: fairly, rather | bastante | The exam was quite difficult. El examen fue bastante difícil. |
| almost very close to but not completely Sinónimos: nearly | casi | I've almost finished my homework. Casi he terminado mis deberes. |
| already before now, or earlier than expected | ya | I've already eaten lunch, thanks. Ya he comido, gracias. |
| yet until now; used in questions and negative sentences Sinónimos: still | todavía / aún (en negativas y preguntas) | Have you finished your project yet? ¿Has terminado tu proyecto ya? |
| just a very short time ago; also exactly Sinónimos: only, recently | acabar de / justo | She has just arrived home. Ella acaba de llegar a casa. |
| since from a time in the past until now | desde | I've lived here since two thousand and fifteen. Vivo aquí desde dos mil quince. |
| ago before now; used to say when something happened | hace (tiempo) | We moved to this city three years ago. Nos mudamos a esta ciudad hace tres años. |
| used to words for a habit or state that existed in the past | solía (hábito pasado) | I used to walk to school when I was a child. Solía ir andando al colegio cuando era niño. |
| while during the time that something happens Sinónimos: as, whilst | mientras | I was cooking while my partner was cleaning. Yo estaba cocinando mientras mi pareja estaba limpiando. |
| belong to be the property of someone; to be part of a group | pertenecer | Does this umbrella belong to you? ¿Te pertenece este paraguas? |
| borrow to take something you will give back later | pedir prestado | Can I borrow your pen for a moment? ¿Puedo pedirte prestado el bolígrafo un momento? |
| lend to give something that will be given back later Sinónimos: loan | prestar | Could you lend me ten euros until Friday? ¿Podrías prestarme diez euros hasta el viernes? |
| nowadays At the present time, in contrast with the past. Sinónimos: these days, today | hoy en día / actualmente | Nowadays most people pay with their phones. Hoy en día la mayoría de la gente paga con el móvil. |
| realise to suddenly understand or notice something Sinónimos: notice, understand | darse cuenta | I didn't realise it was so late. No me di cuenta de que era tan tarde. |
| rare Not common; not happening or seen very often. Sinónimos: uncommon, unusual | poco común / raro (escaso) | Snow is very rare in this part of Spain. La nieve es muy poco común en esta parte de España. |
| sensitive easily affected by emotions; caring about others' feelings | sensible (que se emociona fácilmente) | He's quite sensitive, so be careful what you say. Es bastante sensible, así que ten cuidado con lo que dices. |
| notice to see or become aware of something Sinónimos: observe, spot | notar / darse cuenta de | Did you notice anything different about the room? ¿Notaste algo diferente en la habitación? |
| advise To tell someone what you think they should do. Sinónimos: recommend, suggest | aconsejar / recomendar | The doctor advised me to drink more water. El médico me aconsejó beber más agua. |
| support to help someone or agree with their ideas Sinónimos: back, help | apoyar | My family always supports me in difficult times. Mi familia siempre me apoya en los momentos difíciles. |
| eventually in the end, after some time Sinónimos: finally, in the end | finalmente / al final | We got lost, but eventually we found the restaurant. Nos perdimos, pero al final encontramos el restaurante. |
| sympathetic kind and understanding about someone's problems Sinónimos: understanding, caring | comprensivo | The teacher was very sympathetic about my problem. El profesor fue muy comprensivo con mi problema. |
| miserable Very unhappy or uncomfortable. Sinónimos: unhappy, sad | muy triste / desdichado | I felt miserable when my best friend moved away. Me sentí muy triste cuando mi mejor amigo se mudó lejos. |
| excited feeling very happy about something that is happening Sinónimos: thrilled, eager | emocionado / entusiasmado | The children were very excited about the school trip. Los niños estaban muy emocionados por la excursión del colegio. |
| nervous worried or a little afraid about something Sinónimos: anxious, worried | nervioso | I always feel nervous before an exam. Siempre me siento nervioso antes de un examen. |
| proud feeling pleased about something you or others did well | orgulloso | My parents were proud when I graduated. Mis padres estaban orgullosos cuando me gradué. |
| disappointed sad because something was not as good as you hoped Sinónimos: let down | decepcionado | We were disappointed that the concert was cancelled. Estábamos decepcionados porque cancelaron el concierto. |
| annoyed a little angry about something Sinónimos: irritated, bothered | molesto / irritado | She gets annoyed when people arrive late. Se molesta cuando la gente llega tarde. |
| worried feeling that something bad might happen Sinónimos: anxious, concerned | preocupado | I'm worried about the job interview tomorrow. Estoy preocupado por la entrevista de trabajo de mañana. |
| lonely sad because you are alone or without friends Sinónimos: isolated | solo / solitario (sentimiento) | He felt lonely after moving to a new city. Se sentía solo después de mudarse a una ciudad nueva. |
| fed upinformal tired and annoyed with something that has continued too long Sinónimos: sick of, tired of | harto | I'm fed up with this rainy weather. Estoy harto de este tiempo lluvioso. |
| grateful feeling thankful for something someone did Sinónimos: thankful | agradecido | I'm very grateful for all your help. Estoy muy agradecido por toda tu ayuda. |
| frightened feeling fear; afraid Sinónimos: scared, afraid | asustado | The dog is frightened of thunderstorms. El perro se asusta con las tormentas. |
| bored feeling tired and uninterested because nothing fun is happening | aburrido (persona) | The children were bored because it was raining. Los niños estaban aburridos porque estaba lloviendo. |
| jealous unhappy because someone has what you want Sinónimos: envious | celoso / envidioso | He's jealous of his friend's new car. Tiene envidia del coche nuevo de su amigo. |
| relieved feeling happy because a worry has gone away | aliviado | I was relieved when I found my wallet. Me sentí aliviado cuando encontré mi cartera. |
| cheerful happy and showing it Sinónimos: happy, upbeat | alegre / animado | She's always cheerful, even on Monday mornings. Siempre está alegre, incluso los lunes por la mañana. |
| confident sure about your own abilities; not shy or afraid Sinónimos: self-assured, sure | seguro de sí mismo | She felt more confident after practising her speech. Se sintió más segura de sí misma después de practicar su discurso. |
| lazy not wanting to work or make an effort Sinónimos: idle | perezoso / vago | On Sundays I like to be lazy and stay in bed. Los domingos me gusta ser vago y quedarme en la cama. |
| generous happy to give money, time or help to others Sinónimos: giving, kind | generoso | My grandmother is very generous with birthday presents. Mi abuela es muy generosa con los regalos de cumpleaños. |
| selfish caring only about yourself, not about other people | egoísta | Don't be selfish—share the cake with everyone. No seas egoísta, comparte la tarta con todos. |
| polite behaving in a respectful and kind way to others Sinónimos: courteous, well-mannered | educado / cortés | The waiter was very polite and helpful. El camarero fue muy educado y servicial. |
| rude not polite; behaving in a way that offends people Sinónimos: impolite, disrespectful | maleducado / grosero | It's rude to talk with your mouth full. Es de mala educación hablar con la boca llena. |
| honest always telling the truth; not cheating Sinónimos: truthful, sincere | honesto / sincero | Be honest—do you like my new haircut? Sé sincero, ¿te gusta mi nuevo corte de pelo? |
| patient able to wait calmly without getting angry Sinónimos: calm, tolerant | paciente | You need to be patient when learning a new language. Hay que tener paciencia cuando se aprende un idioma nuevo. |
| stubborn refusing to change your opinion or plans Sinónimos: headstrong | terco / cabezota | My little sister is very stubborn—she never changes her mind. Mi hermana pequeña es muy cabezota; nunca cambia de opinión. |
| reliable someone or something you can always trust Sinónimos: dependable, trustworthy | fiable / de confianza | She's very reliable; if she says she'll help, she will. Es muy fiable; si dice que ayudará, lo hará. |
| curly hair that grows in small circles, not straight Sinónimos: wavy | rizado | She has beautiful curly hair. Tiene un pelo rizado muy bonito. |
| straight (hair) hair without curls or waves | liso (pelo) | He has short, straight brown hair. Tiene el pelo castaño, corto y liso. |
| beard the hair that grows on a man's chin and cheeks | barba | My father grew a beard last winter. Mi padre se dejó barba el invierno pasado. |
| slim thin in an attractive, healthy way Sinónimos: thin, slender | delgado / esbelto | She's quite slim and has dark hair. Es bastante delgada y tiene el pelo oscuro. |
| overweight weighing more than is healthy Sinónimos: heavy | con sobrepeso | The doctor said I was a bit overweight. El médico dijo que tenía un poco de sobrepeso. |
| elderlyformal a polite word for old, used about people Sinónimos: aged, senior | anciano / de edad avanzada | An elderly man helped us find the way. Un señor mayor nos ayudó a encontrar el camino. |
| forecast a report saying what the weather will probably be like Sinónimos: prediction, outlook | pronóstico / previsión | The weather forecast says it will rain tomorrow. El pronóstico del tiempo dice que lloverá mañana. |
| breeze a light, gentle wind | brisa | There's a nice breeze coming from the sea. Hay una brisa agradable que viene del mar. |
| storm very bad weather with strong wind and rain Sinónimos: tempest | tormenta | A big storm is expected tonight. Se espera una gran tormenta esta noche. |
| shower (rain) a short period of rain Sinónimos: downpour | chubasco / aguacero | There will be a few showers this afternoon. Habrá algunos chubascos esta tarde. |
| foggy with thick low cloud that makes it hard to see Sinónimos: misty | con niebla / neblinoso | Be careful driving—it's very foggy this morning. Ten cuidado al conducir, hay mucha niebla esta mañana. |
| humid air that feels wet and warm Sinónimos: damp, muggy | húmedo (clima) | It's very humid in summer here. Es muy húmedo en verano aquí. |
| mild not too hot and not too cold; gentle Sinónimos: gentle, moderate | templado / suave (clima) | The winters are quite mild in this region. Los inviernos son bastante suaves en esta región. |
| freeze to become ice because of very cold temperatures | congelarse / helar | The lake froze during the cold spell in January. El lago se congeló durante la ola de frío en enero. |
| melt to change from solid to liquid because of heat Sinónimos: thaw | derretirse | The snow started to melt when the sun came out. La nieve empezó a derretirse cuando salió el sol. |
| degree the unit for measuring temperature Sinónimos: diploma, qualification | grado (temperatura) | It was thirty-five degrees yesterday. Ayer hizo treinta y cinco grados. |
| headache a pain in your head | dolor de cabeza | I've had a headache all day. He tenido dolor de cabeza todo el día. |
| sore throat pain in your throat, often when you are ill | dolor de garganta | I can't sing because I have a sore throat. No puedo cantar porque tengo dolor de garganta. |
| cough to push air noisily from your throat when ill | tos / toser | She has a bad cough and needs to see a doctor. Tiene mucha tos y necesita ir al médico. |
| flu an illness like a bad cold, with fever and aches Sinónimos: influenza | gripe | Half the office was off sick with the flu. La mitad de la oficina estaba de baja por la gripe. |
| appointment an arranged time to see a doctor or professional Sinónimos: meeting, booking | cita (médica, etc.) | I have a dentist appointment at four o'clock. Tengo cita con el dentista a las cuatro. |
| prescription the paper from a doctor that lets you buy medicine | receta médica | The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. El médico me dio una receta para antibióticos. |
| temperature how hot something is; a fever when you are ill Sinónimos: fever | fiebre / temperatura | The child has a temperature of thirty-eight degrees. El niño tiene una temperatura de treinta y ocho grados. |
| plaster a small sticky cover you put on a small cut Sinónimos: band-aid | tirita | I cut my finger and need a plaster. Me corté el dedo y necesito una tirita. |
| chemist a shop that sells medicine; the person who works there Sinónimos: pharmacy, drugstore | farmacia / farmacéutico | You can buy painkillers at the chemist. Puedes comprar analgésicos en la farmacia. |
| injury damage to your body, for example from an accident Sinónimos: wound, harm | lesión / herida | He got a knee injury playing football. Se hizo una lesión de rodilla jugando al fútbol. |
| sneeze to push air suddenly out of your nose, like achoo | estornudar / estornudo | I can't stop sneezing because of my allergy. No puedo dejar de estornudar por mi alergia. |
| swollen bigger than normal, usually because of injury or illness Sinónimos: puffy, inflamed | hinchado | My ankle is swollen after the fall. Tengo el tobillo hinchado después de la caída. |
| recover to become healthy again after an illness Sinónimos: get better, heal | recuperarse | It took me a week to recover from the flu. Tardé una semana en recuperarme de la gripe. |
| commute the regular trip between home and work | desplazamiento al trabajo / ir al trabajo | My commute takes about forty-five minutes by train. Mi trayecto al trabajo dura unos cuarenta y cinco minutos en tren. |
| oversleep to sleep longer than you planned | quedarse dormido (sin querer) | I overslept and missed my first class. Me quedé dormido y perdí mi primera clase. |
| tidy up to put things in their correct places Sinónimos: clean up, organize | ordenar / recoger | I need to tidy up the kitchen before our guests arrive. Necesito ordenar la cocina antes de que lleguen los invitados. |
| iron to make clothes smooth with a hot tool Sinónimos: press | planchar / plancha | I hate ironing shirts—it takes so long. Odio planchar camisas; lleva mucho tiempo. |
| hang outinformal to put wet clothes outside to dry; to relax with friends | tender (ropa) / pasar el rato | I like to hang out with friends after work. Me gusta pasar el rato con amigos después del trabajo. |
| vacuum to clean floors with a machine that sucks up dirt Sinónimos: hoover | pasar la aspiradora | Can you vacuum the living room, please? ¿Puedes pasar la aspiradora en el salón, por favor? |
| do the washing-up to wash the dirty dishes after a meal Sinónimos: do the dishes | fregar los platos | It's your turn to do the washing-up tonight. Te toca fregar los platos esta noche. |
| rubbish things you throw away because you don't need them Sinónimos: trash, garbage | basura | Don't forget to take out the rubbish. No te olvides de sacar la basura. |
| do the laundry to wash dirty clothes Sinónimos: do the washing | hacer la colada | I usually do the laundry on Saturday mornings. Normalmente hago la colada los sábados por la mañana. |
| fix to repair something that is broken Sinónimos: repair, mend | arreglar / reparar | The plumber came to fix the tap in the bathroom. El fontanero vino a arreglar el grifo del baño. |
| hobby an activity you do for fun in your free time Sinónimos: pastime, interest | afición / pasatiempo | My main hobby is photography. Mi principal afición es la fotografía. |
| keen on liking something very much Sinónimos: fond of, into | aficionado a / interesado en | She's very keen on hiking and outdoor sports. Le encanta el senderismo y los deportes al aire libre. |
| hiking long walks in nature, like mountains or forests Sinónimos: trekking, walking | senderismo | We went hiking in the mountains last weekend. Fuimos de senderismo a la montaña el fin de semana pasado. |
| drawing making pictures with a pencil or pen Sinónimos: sketching | dibujo / dibujar | She spends hours drawing portraits of her friends. Pasa horas dibujando retratos de sus amigos. |
| gardening the activity of growing plants and caring for a garden | jardinería | My grandfather loves gardening and grows his own tomatoes. A mi abuelo le encanta la jardinería y cultiva sus propios tomates. |
| cycling riding a bicycle as a sport or hobby Sinónimos: biking | ciclismo | Cycling to work is good exercise and saves money. Ir al trabajo en bicicleta es buen ejercicio y ahorra dinero. |
| fishing the activity of catching fish Sinónimos: angling | pesca / pescar | We go fishing at the lake every summer. Vamos a pescar al lago todos los veranos. |
| collect to gather things of one type as a hobby, like stamps Sinónimos: gather | coleccionar | My son collects stamps from different countries. Mi hijo colecciona sellos de diferentes países. |
| spare time time when you are free from work or study Sinónimos: free time, leisure time | tiempo libre | What do you do in your spare time? ¿Qué haces en tu tiempo libre? |
| join to become a member of a group or club Sinónimos: sign up, enroll | unirse a / apuntarse | I want to join a gym near my house. Quiero apuntarme a un gimnasio cerca de mi casa. |
| match a game between two teams or players Sinónimos: game | partido | Did you watch the football match last night? ¿Viste el partido de fútbol anoche? |
| score to win a point or goal; the number of points | marcar (un gol) / puntuación | He scored two goals in the final match. Marcó dos goles en el partido final. |
| beat to win against someone in a game or competition Sinónimos: defeat | ganar a / vencer | Our team beat them three to one. Nuestro equipo les ganó tres a uno. |
| lose to not win; also to not find something you had | perder | We lost the game because our best player was injured. Perdimos el partido porque nuestro mejor jugador estaba lesionado. |
| practise to do something many times to get better at it Sinónimos: train, rehearse | practicar | I practise the guitar for an hour every evening. Practico la guitarra una hora cada noche. |
| improve to become better, or make something better Sinónimos: get better, enhance | mejorar | My English has improved a lot since I started watching films. Mi inglés ha mejorado mucho desde que empecé a ver películas. |
| manage to succeed in doing something difficult Sinónimos: succeed, cope | conseguir / arreglárselas | I managed to finish the report before the deadline. Conseguí terminar el informe antes de la fecha límite. |
| avoid to stay away from something or stop it happening | evitar | I try to avoid eating too much sugar. Intento evitar comer demasiado azúcar. |
| remind to help someone remember something | recordar (a alguien) | Can you remind me to call the dentist tomorrow? ¿Puedes recordarme que llame al dentista mañana? |
| suggest to offer an idea or plan for someone to consider Sinónimos: propose, recommend | sugerir | I suggest we take the earlier train. Sugiero que cojamos el tren más temprano. |
| offer to say you will give or do something for someone | ofrecer | She offered to help me carry the bags. Se ofreció a ayudarme a llevar las bolsas. |
| promise to say you will definitely do something | prometer | I promise I'll be on time tomorrow. Prometo que llegaré a tiempo mañana. |
| complain to say you are unhappy about something Sinónimos: protest, moan | quejarse | The neighbours complained about the noise. Los vecinos se quejaron del ruido. |
| argue to speak angrily with someone because you disagree Sinónimos: quarrel, fight | discutir | They always argue about money. Siempre discuten por dinero. |
| apologise to say sorry for something you did Sinónimos: say sorry | disculparse | He apologised for arriving late to the meeting. Se disculpó por llegar tarde a la reunión. |
| agree to have the same opinion as someone | estar de acuerdo | I agree with you—that film was excellent. Estoy de acuerdo contigo: esa película fue excelente. |
| depend to be decided by something else; to need someone Sinónimos: rely | depender | It depends on the weather—if it's sunny, we'll go. Depende del tiempo; si hace sol, iremos. |
| expect to think that something will happen Sinónimos: anticipate | esperar (tener expectativa) | I didn't expect so many people at the party. No esperaba tanta gente en la fiesta. |
| explain to make something clear so others understand it Sinónimos: clarify | explicar | Can you explain this word to me, please? ¿Puedes explicarme esta palabra, por favor? |
| prepare to make something ready Sinónimos: get ready | preparar | We need to prepare everything for the birthday party. Necesitamos preparar todo para la fiesta de cumpleaños. |
| deliver to bring things to a person or place Sinónimos: bring, drop off | entregar / repartir | They can deliver the furniture next Monday. Pueden entregar los muebles el próximo lunes. |
| earn to get money by working Sinónimos: make | ganar (dinero) | She earns a good salary as an engineer. Gana un buen sueldo como ingeniera. |
| save to keep money for later; to keep something safe Sinónimos: keep, set aside | ahorrar / guardar | I'm saving money for a trip to Japan. Estoy ahorrando dinero para un viaje a Japón. |
| spend to use money to buy things; to use time | gastar / pasar (tiempo) | We spent the whole afternoon in the park. Pasamos toda la tarde en el parque. |
| experience knowledge or skill you get from doing things | experiencia | Do you have any experience working in a restaurant? ¿Tienes experiencia trabajando en un restaurante? |
| mistake something you do wrong without wanting to Sinónimos: error, slip | error / equivocación | Don't worry about making mistakes—that's how you learn. No te preocupes por cometer errores; así es como se aprende. |
| advantage something that helps you or puts you in a better position Sinónimos: benefit, plus | ventaja | One advantage of living in the city is public transport. Una ventaja de vivir en la ciudad es el transporte público. |
| unfortunately used to say that something is sad or disappointing Sinónimos: sadly, regrettably | desafortunadamente / por desgracia | Unfortunately, the museum was closed when we arrived. Por desgracia, el museo estaba cerrado cuando llegamos. |
| although used to introduce something that makes a contrast Sinónimos: though, even though | aunque | Although it was raining, we went for a walk. Aunque estaba lloviendo, salimos a pasear. |
| however used to introduce an idea that contrasts with the last one Sinónimos: nevertheless, but | sin embargo | The hotel was expensive. However, the location was perfect. El hotel era caro. Sin embargo, la ubicación era perfecta. |
| instead in the place of something else Sinónimos: rather | en vez de / en su lugar | I didn't take the bus. I walked instead. No cogí el autobús. En su lugar, fui andando. |
| except not including; apart from Sinónimos: apart from, but | excepto / salvo | Everyone came to the party except Maria. Todos vinieron a la fiesta excepto María. |
| perhaps possibly; used when you are not sure Sinónimos: maybe, possibly | quizás / tal vez | Perhaps we should try a different restaurant. Quizás deberíamos probar un restaurante diferente. |
| especially more than usually; above all Sinónimos: particularly, above all | especialmente / sobre todo | I love Italian food, especially pasta. Me encanta la comida italiana, especialmente la pasta. |
| abroad in or to a foreign country Sinónimos: overseas | en el extranjero | Have you ever lived abroad? ¿Has vivido alguna vez en el extranjero? |
| guest a person visiting your home or staying in a hotel Sinónimos: visitor | invitado / huésped | We're having guests for dinner tonight. Tenemos invitados a cenar esta noche. |
| souvenir something you buy to remember a place you visited Sinónimos: memento, keepsake | recuerdo (de viaje) | I bought a souvenir for my mother from the trip. Compré un recuerdo para mi madre del viaje. |
| currency the money used in a country, like euros or dollars Sinónimos: money | moneda / divisa | What's the currency in the United Kingdom? ¿Cuál es la moneda del Reino Unido? |
| exchange rate how much one country's money is worth in another's | tipo de cambio | The exchange rate is very good at the moment. El tipo de cambio es muy bueno en este momento. |
| tip extra money for good service; also a useful piece of advice Sinónimos: gratuity, hint | propina / consejo | In this country, it's normal to leave a tip. En este país, es normal dejar propina. |
| scenery the natural beauty you see around you, like mountains Sinónimos: landscape, view | paisaje | The scenery along the coast is absolutely beautiful. El paisaje a lo largo de la costa es absolutamente precioso. |
| path a narrow way for walking Sinónimos: trail, track | camino / sendero | Follow the path through the forest to the lake. Sigue el sendero por el bosque hasta el lago. |
| gate the door where you board a plane; an outside door in a fence | puerta (de embarque) / verja | Flight passengers, please go to gate twelve. Pasajeros del vuelo, por favor diríjanse a la puerta doce. |
| view what you can see from a place, like from a window Sinónimos: sight, panorama | vista / panorama | The room has a lovely view of the mountains. La habitación tiene una vista preciosa de las montañas. |
| neighbour a person who lives next to or near you | vecino | Our neighbours invited us for a barbecue. Nuestros vecinos nos invitaron a una barbacoa. |
| neighbourhood the area of a town where you live Sinónimos: area, district | barrio / vecindario | I love my neighbourhood—it's very quiet and green. Me encanta mi barrio; es muy tranquilo y verde. |
| stairs the steps you walk up inside a building Sinónimos: staircase, steps | escaleras | Take the stairs to the second floor. Sube las escaleras al segundo piso. |
| shelf a flat board on a wall for putting things on | estante / balda | Put the books back on the shelf, please. Pon los libros de vuelta en el estante, por favor. |
| heating the system that makes a building warm | calefacción | Can we turn the heating on? It's freezing. ¿Podemos encender la calefacción? Hace un frío que pela. |
| allow to let someone do something Sinónimos: permit, let | permitir | Dogs are not allowed in this park. No se permiten perros en este parque. |
| seem to appear to be a certain way Sinónimos: appear, look | parecer | She seems tired today—maybe she didn't sleep well. Parece cansada hoy; quizás no durmió bien. |
| matter to be important Sinónimos: count, be important | importar | It doesn't matter if you arrive a few minutes late. No importa si llegas unos minutos tarde. |
| somewhere in or to a place you don't name exactly | en algún sitio | I left my glasses somewhere, but I can't remember where. Dejé mis gafas en algún sitio, pero no recuerdo dónde. |
| flight a trip in a plane | vuelo | The flight from London to Madrid takes about two and a half hours. El vuelo de Londres a Madrid dura unas dos horas y media. |
| pleased happy and satisfied about something Sinónimos: glad, happy | contento / satisfecho | I'm very pleased with my exam results. Estoy muy contento con mis resultados del examen. |
| caught (past of catch) the past form of catch: took hold of something moving | atrapó / cogió (pasado de catch) | I nearly missed the train but caught it just in time. Casi pierdo el tren pero lo cogí justo a tiempo. |
| chose (past of choose) the past form of choose: picked one from several options | eligió (pasado de choose) | She chose the blue dress for the wedding. Eligió el vestido azul para la boda. |
| wore (past of wear) the past form of wear: had clothes on the body | llevó puesto (pasado de wear) | He wore a suit to the interview. Llevó traje a la entrevista. |
| fell (past of fall) the past form of fall: dropped down to the ground | se cayó (pasado de fall) | She fell off her bicycle and hurt her arm. Se cayó de la bicicleta y se hizo daño en el brazo. |
| across from one side to the other side of something | al otro lado de / cruzando | The supermarket is just across the street. El supermercado está justo al otro lado de la calle. |
| towards in the direction of something Sinónimos: toward, to | hacia | Walk towards the river and you'll see the museum. Camina hacia el río y verás el museo. |
| past moving by the side of something without stopping Sinónimos: by | pasando por delante de | Go past the church and take the first left. Pasa por delante de la iglesia y toma la primera a la izquierda. |
| recipe the instructions for cooking a dish | receta (de cocina) | Can you give me the recipe for that cake? ¿Puedes darme la receta de ese pastel? |
| ingredient one of the foods you use to make a dish | ingrediente | We need to buy a few ingredients for tonight's dinner. Necesitamos comprar algunos ingredientes para la cena de esta noche. |
| fry to cook food in hot oil | freír | Fry the onions in a little olive oil. Fríe las cebollas en un poco de aceite de oliva. |
| boil to cook in very hot bubbling water | hervir | Boil the pasta for eight minutes. Hierve la pasta durante ocho minutos. |
| bill the paper showing how much you must pay Sinónimos: check, invoice | cuenta (de restaurante) / factura | Could we have the bill, please? ¿Nos puede traer la cuenta, por favor? |
| meal the food you eat at one time, like lunch or dinner | comida (como evento) | Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. El desayuno es la comida más importante del día. |
| rent money paid to live in a place you don't own; to pay for using something Sinónimos: lease, hire | alquiler / alquilar | We rent a small flat in the city centre. Alquilamos un piso pequeño en el centro de la ciudad. |
| move in to start living in a new home | mudarse (a una casa) | We're moving in to our new flat next week. Nos mudamos a nuestro nuevo piso la semana que viene. |
| get along to have a friendly relationship with someone Sinónimos: get on | llevarse bien | I get along very well with my colleagues. Me llevo muy bien con mis compañeros de trabajo. |
| bring up to care for a child until adult; to mention a topic Sinónimos: raise, mention | criar / mencionar | She was brought up by her grandparents. Fue criada por sus abuelos. |
| break down to stop working, like a car or machine Sinónimos: fail, stop working | averiarse / estropearse | The car broke down on the motorway. El coche se averió en la autopista. |
| turn up to arrive or appear, often unexpectedly Sinónimos: show up, appear | aparecer / presentarse | He turned up late to the meeting without an excuse. Apareció tarde a la reunión sin excusa. |
| put off to delay something until later Sinónimos: postpone, delay | posponer / aplazar | We had to put off the meeting until next week. Tuvimos que posponer la reunión hasta la semana que viene. |
| work out to exercise; also to find the answer to a problem Sinónimos: exercise, solve | hacer ejercicio / resolver | I work out at the gym three times a week. Hago ejercicio en el gimnasio tres veces por semana. |
| check in to register when arriving at a hotel or airport Sinónimos: register | registrarse (hotel/aeropuerto) | You can check in online twenty-four hours before your flight. Puedes registrarte en línea veinticuatro horas antes de tu vuelo. |
| check out to pay and leave a hotel | hacer el check-out / dejar el hotel | We need to check out of the hotel before eleven. Tenemos que dejar el hotel antes de las once. |
| fall asleep to start sleeping Sinónimos: doze off, nod off | quedarse dormido | I was so tired that I fell asleep on the sofa. Estaba tan cansado que me quedé dormido en el sofá. |
| look like to have a similar appearance to someone or something Sinónimos: resemble | parecerse a / tener aspecto de | You look like your mother—you have the same eyes. Te pareces a tu madre; tenéis los mismos ojos. |
| end up to finally be in a situation you didn't plan Sinónimos: wind up, finish | acabar / terminar (en una situación) | We got lost and ended up in the wrong town. Nos perdimos y acabamos en el pueblo equivocado. |
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