English B1 health and lifestyle vocabulary, for Spanish speakers: fitness, diet, sleep, stress, at the doctor’s, personal care, habits, and sport. 250 words with Spanish translations, example sentences, and grammar notes in Spanish.
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| Palabra | Traducción | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|
| ankleB1 The joint that connects your foot to your leg. | el tobillo | She fell and hurt her ankle while she was running. Se cayó y se hizo daño en el tobillo mientras corría. |
| wristB1 The joint between your hand and your arm. | la muñeca | He has been wearing a support on his wrist since the accident. Lleva una muñequera en la muñeca desde el accidente. |
| elbowB1 The joint in the middle of your arm where it bends. | el codo | Don't put your elbows on the table while we are eating. No pongas los codos en la mesa mientras comemos. |
| kneeB1 The joint in the middle of your leg where it bends. | la rodilla | You should bend your knees when you lift something heavy. Deberías doblar las rodillas cuando levantas algo pesado. |
| shoulderB1 The part of your body between your neck and the top of your arm. | el hombro | My shoulders hurt because I have been carrying a heavy rucksack all day. Me duelen los hombros porque he estado cargando una mochila pesada todo el día. |
| chestB1 The front part of your body between your neck and your waist. | el pecho | If you feel a pain in your chest, you should see a doctor immediately. Si sientes un dolor en el pecho, deberías ver a un médico inmediatamente. |
| throatB1 The inside part of your neck where food and air pass. | la garganta | My throat hurts when I swallow, so I'm only drinking warm tea. Me duele la garganta cuando trago, así que solo estoy bebiendo té caliente. |
| neckB1 The part of your body that joins your head to your shoulders. | el cuello | I slept badly on the sofa and now my neck hurts. Dormí mal en el sofá y ahora me duele el cuello. |
| skinB1 The outside layer that covers your whole body. | la piel | Your skin gets dry if you don't drink enough water. La piel se te seca si no bebes suficiente agua. |
| boneB1 One of the hard white parts inside your body that form the skeleton. | el hueso | She broke a bone in her foot and couldn't walk for six weeks. Se rompió un hueso del pie y no pudo andar durante seis semanas. |
| muscleB1 A part inside your body that you use to move. | el músculo | My muscles are sore because I did too much exercise yesterday. Tengo los músculos doloridos porque ayer hice demasiado ejercicio. |
| jointB1 A place where two bones meet, like the knee or elbow. | la articulación | Cold weather makes my joints hurt. El tiempo frío hace que me duelan las articulaciones. |
| heartB1 The organ in your chest that sends blood around your body. | el corazón | Regular exercise is good for your heart. El ejercicio regular es bueno para el corazón. |
| lungB1 One of the two organs in your chest that you use to breathe. | el pulmón | Smoking damages your lungs and your heart. Fumar daña los pulmones y el corazón. |
| brainB1 The organ inside your head that you use to think. | el cerebro | Sleep helps your brain remember what you have learned. Dormir ayuda al cerebro a recordar lo que has aprendido. |
| bloodB1 The red liquid that moves around inside your body. | la sangre | The nurse took some blood to do a few tests. La enfermera me sacó sangre para hacer unas pruebas. |
| waistB1 The middle part of your body, above your hips. | la cintura | These trousers are too tight around my waist. Estos pantalones me quedan demasiado apretados en la cintura. |
| hipB1 One of the two parts at the sides of your body where your legs join it. | la cadera | My grandmother has had an operation on her hip. A mi abuela la han operado de la cadera. |
| thighB1 The top part of your leg, above the knee. | el muslo | Cycling makes the muscles in your thighs stronger. Montar en bici fortalece los músculos de los muslos. |
| lipB1 One of the two soft red edges of your mouth. | el labio | My lips get very dry in winter, so I use a special cream. Se me secan mucho los labios en invierno, así que uso una crema especial. |
| tongueB1 The soft part inside your mouth that you use to taste and speak. | la lengua | I burnt my tongue because the soup was too hot. Me quemé la lengua porque la sopa estaba demasiado caliente. |
| nerveB1 A thin line in your body that carries feelings and messages to your brain. | el nervio | The pain in my leg is caused by a nerve in my back. El dolor de la pierna me lo causa un nervio de la espalda. |
| painB1 The feeling you have in your body when you are hurt or ill. Sinónimos: ache | el dolor | I have had a pain in my back for three days. Llevo tres días con un dolor de espalda. |
| acheB1 A pain that continues for a long time but is not very strong. Sinónimos: pain | el dolor (continuo) | After the long walk, I had a dull ache in my legs. Después de la larga caminata, tenía un dolor sordo en las piernas. |
| feverB1 When your body is hotter than normal because you are ill. | la fiebre | The little girl has a high fever, so she is staying in bed today. La niña tiene fiebre alta, así que hoy se queda en la cama. |
| medicineB1 Something you take when you are ill to get better. | la medicina | You must take this medicine three times a day after meals. Debes tomar esta medicina tres veces al día después de las comidas. |
| pillB1 A small round piece of medicine that you swallow. Sinónimos: tablet | la pastilla | She takes a pill for her blood pressure every morning. Toma una pastilla para la tensión todas las mañanas. |
| tablet (medicine)B1 A small hard piece of medicine that you swallow. Sinónimos: pill | el comprimido | Take two tablets with water before you go to bed. Toma dos comprimidos con agua antes de acostarte. |
| drugB1 A medicine, or an illegal substance that changes how you feel. Sinónimos: medicine | el medicamento | This new drug has been tested on thousands of patients. Este nuevo medicamento se ha probado en miles de pacientes. |
| doseB1 The amount of medicine you should take at one time. | la dosis | Don't take a bigger dose than the doctor recommended. No tomes una dosis mayor que la que recomendó el médico. |
| bandageB1 A long piece of material that you put around an injured part. | la venda | The nurse put a clean bandage on the wound. La enfermera puso una venda limpia en la herida. |
| woundB1 A hurt place on your body, often where the skin is broken. Sinónimos: injury, cut | la herida | The wound is healing slowly, but it still hurts a bit. La herida se está curando despacio, pero todavía duele un poco. |
| bruiseB1 A dark mark on your skin after something hits you. | el moratón | I found a big bruise on my leg, but I don't remember hitting anything. Me encontré un moratón grande en la pierna, pero no recuerdo haberme golpeado con nada. |
| scarB1 A mark that stays on your skin after a wound has healed. | la cicatriz | He has a small scar on his chin from a childhood accident. Tiene una pequeña cicatriz en la barbilla de un accidente de la infancia. |
| rashB1 A lot of small red spots on your skin. | el sarpullido | The cream made the rash disappear in a few days. La crema hizo desaparecer el sarpullido en unos días. |
| infectionB1 An illness in a part of your body caused by bacteria or a virus. | la infección | The doctor gave me antibiotics to fight the infection. El médico me dio antibióticos para combatir la infección. |
| virusB1 A very small living thing that can make you ill. | el virus | The virus spreads quickly when people don't wash their hands. El virus se propaga rápidamente cuando la gente no se lava las manos. |
| contagiousB1 Able to pass easily from one person to another. | contagioso | Stay at home if you have the flu, because it is very contagious. Quédate en casa si tienes gripe, porque es muy contagiosa. |
| diseaseB1 A serious illness, often with a name, like heart disease. Sinónimos: illness | la enfermedad | Heart disease is one of the most common health problems in Europe. Las enfermedades del corazón son uno de los problemas de salud más comunes en Europa. |
| illnessB1 The state of being ill; a health problem. Sinónimos: disease, sickness | la enfermedad | She has missed a lot of classes this term because of illness. Ha faltado a muchas clases este trimestre por enfermedad. |
| allergyB1 A medical problem where some food or thing makes you feel ill. | la alergia | My brother has an allergy to nuts, so he reads every food label carefully. Mi hermano tiene alergia a los frutos secos, así que lee todas las etiquetas de los alimentos con cuidado. |
| operationB1 When doctors cut your body open to repair something inside. Sinónimos: surgery | la operación | My father is going to have an operation on his knee next month. A mi padre lo van a operar de la rodilla el mes que viene. |
| surgeryB1 Medical work where doctors cut the body to repair it. Sinónimos: operation | la cirugía | After the surgery, she had to stay in hospital for a week. Después de la cirugía, tuvo que quedarse en el hospital una semana. |
| nurseB1 A person whose job is to care for ill people, usually in a hospital. | el enfermero, la enfermera | The nurse checked my blood pressure and asked me a few questions. La enfermera me tomó la tensión y me hizo unas preguntas. |
| surgeonB1 A doctor who operates on people. | el cirujano, la cirujana | The surgeon explained the operation to us before we signed the papers. El cirujano nos explicó la operación antes de que firmáramos los papeles. |
| dentistB1 A person whose job is to look after people's teeth. | el dentista, la dentista | You should go to the dentist's at least twice a year. Deberías ir al dentista al menos dos veces al año. |
| specialistB1 A doctor who knows a lot about one area of medicine. | el especialista, la especialista | My doctor sent me to a specialist because the pain didn't go away. Mi médico me mandó a un especialista porque el dolor no se iba. |
| clinicB1 A place where you can see a doctor, smaller than a hospital. | la clínica | There is a small clinic in the village where a doctor comes twice a week. En el pueblo hay una pequeña clínica a la que viene un médico dos veces por semana. |
| ambulanceB1 A special vehicle that takes ill or injured people to hospital. | la ambulancia | Somebody called an ambulance when the old man fainted in the street. Alguien llamó a una ambulancia cuando el anciano se desmayó en la calle. |
| emergencyB1 A serious and dangerous situation that needs quick action. | la emergencia | In an emergency, you should call 999 in the UK. En una emergencia, en el Reino Unido debes llamar al 999. |
| first aidB1 Simple help you give to an ill or injured person before a doctor comes. | los primeros auxilios | Everybody at work has done a first aid course this year. Este año todo el mundo en el trabajo ha hecho un curso de primeros auxilios. |
| injectionB1 When medicine is put into your body with a needle. Sinónimos: jab | la inyección | The nurse gave me an injection in my arm, and it didn't hurt at all. La enfermera me puso una inyección en el brazo y no me dolió nada. |
| vaccineB1 A special medicine that stops you from getting a disease. | la vacuna | The new vaccine has been given to millions of people around the world. La nueva vacuna se ha administrado a millones de personas en todo el mundo. |
| X-rayB1 A special photo that shows the bones inside your body. | la radiografía | The doctor looked at the X-ray and told me that nothing was broken. El médico miró la radiografía y me dijo que no había nada roto. |
| blood pressureB1 The force of the blood moving around your body. | la tensión arterial | High blood pressure can be caused by stress and a bad diet. La tensión alta puede estar causada por el estrés y una mala dieta. |
| pulseB1 The regular beat of your heart that you can feel in your wrist. | el pulso | The nurse held my wrist to take my pulse. La enfermera me sujetó la muñeca para tomarme el pulso. |
| check-upB1 A general examination by a doctor to see if you are healthy. | la revisión médica | I go to the doctor for a check-up once a year, even when I feel fine. Voy al médico a hacerme una revisión una vez al año, incluso cuando me encuentro bien. |
| painkillerB1 A medicine that stops or reduces pain. | el analgésico | Take a painkiller if the pain gets worse during the night. Tómate un analgésico si el dolor empeora durante la noche. |
| side effectB1 An extra, usually bad, effect that a medicine has on you. | el efecto secundario | This medicine is safe, but it has some side effects, such as feeling sleepy. Esta medicina es segura, pero tiene algunos efectos secundarios, como dar sueño. |
| waiting roomB1 A room where people wait before seeing a doctor or dentist. | la sala de espera | We sat in the waiting room for almost an hour before they called my name. Estuvimos sentados en la sala de espera casi una hora antes de que dijeran mi nombre. |
| wheelchairB1 A chair with wheels for people who cannot walk. | la silla de ruedas | The hospital gave my grandfather a wheelchair so that he could move around. El hospital le dio a mi abuelo una silla de ruedas para que pudiera moverse. |
| toothacheB1 A pain in one of your teeth. | el dolor de muelas | I couldn't sleep last night because I had terrible toothache. Anoche no pude dormir porque tenía un dolor de muelas terrible. |
| symptomB1 A sign in your body that shows you may be ill. | el síntoma | The doctor asked me to describe my symptoms before examining me. El médico me pidió que describiera los síntomas antes de examinarme. |
| to examineB1 To look at something carefully, for example a patient's body. Sinónimos: check | examinar, reconocer | The doctor examined my back but couldn't find anything wrong. El médico me examinó la espalda pero no encontró nada raro. |
| examinationB1 A careful check of your body done by a doctor. Sinónimos: check-up | el reconocimiento médico | She had a full medical examination before starting her new job. Le hicieron un reconocimiento médico completo antes de empezar su nuevo trabajo. |
| diagnosisB1 The name a doctor gives to your illness after examining you. | el diagnóstico | After several tests, the diagnosis was better than we expected. Después de varias pruebas, el diagnóstico fue mejor de lo que esperábamos. |
| to diagnoseB1 To say what illness a person has. | diagnosticar | He was diagnosed with asthma when he was seven. Le diagnosticaron asma cuando tenía siete años. |
| to suffer fromB1 To have an illness or health problem, especially for a long time. | padecer, sufrir de | My aunt suffers from back pain, so she does special exercises. Mi tía padece dolor de espalda, así que hace ejercicios especiales. |
| to faintB1 To suddenly fall because you stop being conscious for a short time. Sinónimos: pass out | desmayarse | She fainted because she had not eaten anything all day. Se desmayó porque no había comido nada en todo el día. |
| dizzyB1 Feeling that everything is turning around you. | mareado | If you feel dizzy, sit down and drink some water. Si te sientes mareado, siéntate y bebe un poco de agua. |
| paleB1 Having skin that is lighter than usual, often because of illness. | pálido | You look pale; you should sit down and drink some water. Estás pálido; deberías sentarte y beber un poco de agua. |
| to bleedB1 To lose blood from your body. | sangrar | The cut on his hand was bleeding a lot, so we called a doctor. El corte de la mano le sangraba mucho, así que llamamos a un médico. |
| to cureB1 To make an ill person healthy again. Sinónimos: heal | curar | This illness can be cured if it is found early. Esta enfermedad se puede curar si se detecta pronto. |
| cureB1 Something, usually a medicine, that ends an illness. | la cura, el remedio | Scientists have not found a cure for the common cold yet. Los científicos todavía no han encontrado una cura para el resfriado común. |
| to healB1 To become healthy again, especially skin, wounds or bones. | curarse, cicatrizar | The wound healed slowly, and now there is only a small scar. La herida cicatrizó despacio y ahora solo queda una pequeña cicatriz. |
| to treatB1 To give medical care to an ill person. | tratar (una enfermedad) | The doctors treated her with a new drug, and she got better quickly. Los médicos la trataron con un medicamento nuevo y mejoró rápidamente. |
| antibioticB1 A medicine that kills bacteria. | el antibiótico | Antibiotics don't work against viruses, only against bacteria. Los antibióticos no funcionan contra los virus, solo contra las bacterias. |
| pharmacyB1 A shop where you can buy medicines. Sinónimos: chemist's | la farmacia | You can buy these tablets at any pharmacy without a prescription. Puedes comprar estos comprimidos en cualquier farmacia sin receta. |
| to sprainB1 To hurt a joint like your ankle by turning it suddenly. Sinónimos: twist | torcerse (una articulación) | I sprained my ankle playing basketball last weekend. Me torcí el tobillo jugando al baloncesto el fin de semana pasado. |
| to twistB1 To injure a part of your body by turning it in a bad way. Sinónimos: sprain | torcerse, girar | She twisted her knee when she was dancing and had to stop. Se torció la rodilla cuando estaba bailando y tuvo que parar. |
| to injureB1 To hurt yourself or someone else, for example in an accident or sport. Sinónimos: to hurt | lesionarse, hacerse daño | He injured his back while he was lifting heavy weights at the gym. Se lesionó la espalda mientras levantaba pesas pesadas en el gimnasio. |
| unconsciousB1 Not awake and not able to see, hear or feel, often after an accident. | inconsciente | He was unconscious for two minutes after he hit his head. Estuvo inconsciente durante dos minutos después de golpearse la cabeza. |
| to vomitB1neutral/formal To bring food back up from your stomach through your mouth. Sinónimos: throw up, be sick | vomitar | The little boy vomited twice during the night, so we took him to hospital. El niño vomitó dos veces durante la noche, así que lo llevamos al hospital. |
| heart attackB1 A serious medical problem when the heart suddenly stops working properly. | el infarto | My uncle had a heart attack last year, but he is much better now. Mi tío tuvo un infarto el año pasado, pero ahora está mucho mejor. |
| GPB1British English A family doctor who treats general health problems, especially in the UK. | el médico de cabecera | If the pain continues, make an appointment with your GP. Si el dolor continúa, pide cita con tu médico de cabecera. |
| blood testB1 A medical check where doctors take and study a little of your blood. | el análisis de sangre | The results of the blood test showed that everything was normal. Los resultados del análisis de sangre mostraron que todo estaba normal. |
| scanB1 A medical test that makes a picture of the inside of your body. | el escáner, la ecografía | The hospital did a scan to check that the baby was growing well. En el hospital le hicieron una ecografía para comprobar que el bebé estaba creciendo bien. |
| to get overB1 To become well again after an illness or a bad experience. | recuperarse de | It took my grandmother a month to get over the infection. Mi abuela tardó un mes en recuperarse de la infección. |
| to come down withB1informal To start to feel ill with an illness that is not serious. | pillar, ponerse enfermo de | I think I'm coming down with something because I feel cold and tired. Creo que estoy pillando algo porque tengo frío y estoy cansado. |
| liverB1 The large organ in your body that cleans your blood. | el hígado | Drinking too much alcohol is bad for your liver. Beber demasiado alcohol es malo para el hígado. |
| kidneyB1 One of the two organs that clean liquid waste from your body. | el riñón | People have two kidneys, but it is possible to live with only one. Las personas tienen dos riñones, pero es posible vivir con solo uno. |
| eyesightB1 The ability to see. Sinónimos: sight, vision | la vista | Her eyesight got worse, so she needed stronger glasses. Se le empeoró la vista, así que necesitaba unas gafas con más graduación. |
| hearingB1 The ability to hear sounds. | el oído (sentido) | His hearing isn't as good as it used to be. Ya no oye tan bien como antes. |
| deafB1 Not able to hear anything or not able to hear well. | sordo | My grandfather is a bit deaf, so you have to speak slowly and clearly. Mi abuelo está un poco sordo, así que tienes que hablar despacio y con claridad. |
| blindB1 Not able to see. | ciego | She has been blind since birth, but she travels everywhere alone. Es ciega de nacimiento, pero viaja sola a todas partes. |
| stomach acheB1 A pain in your stomach. | el dolor de tripa | I had stomach ache after eating all that chocolate. Me dolía la tripa después de comerme todo ese chocolate. |
| gymB1 A place with machines where people do exercise. | el gimnasio | She goes to the gym three times a week before work. Va al gimnasio tres veces por semana antes del trabajo. |
| personal trainerB1 A person you pay to help you do exercise correctly. | el entrenador personal | His personal trainer designs a different plan for him every month. Su entrenador personal le diseña un plan diferente cada mes. |
| instructorB1 A person who teaches a sport or physical activity. Sinónimos: trainer | el monitor / la monitora | The gym instructor showed me how to use the machines. El monitor del gimnasio me enseñó a usar las máquinas. |
| warm-upB1 Gentle exercises you do to prepare your body before sport. | el calentamiento | The warm-up before the match lasted fifteen minutes. El calentamiento antes del partido duró quince minutos. |
| to warm upB1 To do gentle exercises to prepare your body for sport. | calentar (antes del ejercicio) | Always warm up before you start running, or you may hurt yourself. Calienta siempre antes de empezar a correr, o puedes hacerte daño. |
| to cool downB1 To do gentle exercises to relax your body after training. | volver a la calma (tras el ejercicio) | Always cool down for five minutes after you finish exercising. Vuelve siempre a la calma durante cinco minutos después de terminar de hacer ejercicio. |
| to stretchB1 To make your arms, legs or body as long and straight as possible. | estirar | Remember to stretch for a few minutes after doing exercise. Acuérdate de estirar unos minutos después de hacer ejercicio. |
| to bendB1 To move a part of your body so it is not straight. | doblar, flexionar | Bend your knees slowly before you pick up anything heavy. Dobla las rodillas despacio antes de levantar algo pesado. |
| weightsB1 Heavy objects that you lift to make your muscles stronger. | las pesas | She lifts weights twice a week to make her arms stronger. Levanta pesas dos veces por semana para fortalecer los brazos. |
| muscularB1 Having big, strong muscles. | musculoso | He has become quite muscular since he started training with weights. Se ha puesto bastante musculoso desde que empezó a entrenar con pesas. |
| to liftB1 To take something and move it up. Sinónimos: raise | levantar | Bend your knees when you lift heavy boxes. Dobla las rodillas cuando levantes cajas pesadas. |
| to strengthenB1 To make something stronger, especially your muscles or body. | fortalecer | Swimming strengthens your shoulders and your back. Nadar fortalece los hombros y la espalda. |
| joggingB1 Running slowly for exercise. | el footing | She goes jogging in the park every morning before breakfast. Sale a hacer footing por el parque todas las mañanas antes de desayunar. |
| to jogB1 To run slowly and steadily as a form of exercise. Sinónimos: to run | hacer footing | She jogs in the park every morning before work. Hace footing en el parque todas las mañanas antes de trabajar. |
| to trainB1 To practise a sport regularly to get better at it. | entrenar | The team trains twice a week, on Tuesdays and Thursdays. El equipo entrena dos veces por semana, los martes y los jueves. |
| fitnessB1 The condition of being healthy and strong in your body. | la forma física | Her fitness has improved a lot since she started swimming. Su forma física ha mejorado mucho desde que empezó a nadar. |
| staminaB1 The energy to continue doing exercise for a long time. | la resistencia física | You need a lot of stamina to run a marathon. Se necesita mucha resistencia para correr un maratón. |
| intenseB1 Involving a lot of effort or energy; very strong. | intenso | The training session was so intense that my legs hurt for two days. La sesión de entrenamiento fue tan intensa que me dolieron las piernas durante dos días. |
| sweatB1 The liquid that comes out of your skin when you are hot. | el sudor | His shirt was wet with sweat at the end of the match. Al final del partido tenía la camiseta empapada de sudor. |
| to sweatB1 To lose liquid through your skin when you are hot or nervous. | sudar | I always sweat a lot when I do exercise in summer. Siempre sudo mucho cuando hago ejercicio en verano. |
| to breatheB1 To take air into your body and let it out. | respirar | Breathe deeply and try to relax before the race. Respira hondo e intenta relajarte antes de la carrera. |
| breathB1 The air that goes into and out of your body. | la respiración, el aliento | Take a deep breath and hold it for five seconds. Coge aire hondo y aguántalo cinco segundos. |
| out of breathB1 Breathing fast and with difficulty, for example after running. | sin aliento | I was completely out of breath after climbing the stairs. Me quedé completamente sin aliento después de subir las escaleras. |
| paceB1 The speed at which you walk or run. | el ritmo | Start the race at a slow pace, or you will get tired too early. Empieza la carrera a un ritmo lento, o te cansarás demasiado pronto. |
| to jumpB1 To push your body up into the air with your legs. | saltar | You have to jump as high as you can to reach the ball. Tienes que saltar lo más alto que puedas para llegar al balón. |
| to keep fitB1 To stay healthy and strong by doing exercise. | mantenerse en forma | Walking to work every day helps me keep fit. Ir andando al trabajo todos los días me ayuda a mantenerme en forma. |
| stiffB1 When your muscles hurt and are difficult to move. | agarrotado, con agujetas | My legs were really stiff the day after the long run. Al día siguiente de la carrera larga tenía las piernas muy agarrotadas. |
| soreB1 Painful, especially after exercise, illness or injury. Sinónimos: painful | dolorido | My legs were really sore the day after my first gym class. Tenía las piernas muy doloridas al día siguiente de mi primera clase de gimnasio. |
| energeticB1 Full of energy and very active. Sinónimos: active, lively | enérgico, con mucha energía | My dog is so energetic that he needs two long walks a day. Mi perro tiene tanta energía que necesita dos paseos largos al día. |
| athleteB1 A person who is good at sport and does it seriously. | el atleta, la atleta | The athletes have to follow a very strict diet during the season. Los atletas tienen que seguir una dieta muy estricta durante la temporada. |
| sportyB1informal Liking sport and doing a lot of physical activity. | deportista | My cousin is really sporty, so she spends every weekend outdoors. Mi prima es muy deportista, así que pasa todos los fines de semana al aire libre. |
| yogaB1 Exercises for your body and mind that come from India. | el yoga | I do yoga every evening to relax my body and my mind. Hago yoga todas las tardes para relajar el cuerpo y la mente. |
| martial artsB1 Fighting sports like judo or karate. | las artes marciales | He started doing martial arts to feel more confident. Empezó a hacer artes marciales para sentirse más seguro de sí mismo. |
| to competeB1 To take part in a competition and try to win. | competir | More than a hundred runners competed in the race last Sunday. Más de cien corredores compitieron en la carrera el domingo pasado. |
| to take partB1 To do an activity, competition or event together with other people. Sinónimos: participate | participar | Anyone can take part in the race if they register before Friday. Cualquiera puede participar en la carrera si se inscribe antes del viernes. |
| to scoreB1 To win a point or goal in a game or sport. | marcar (un gol, un punto) | Our team scored two goals in the last ten minutes. Nuestro equipo marcó dos goles en los últimos diez minutos. |
| to kickB1 To hit something or someone with your foot. | dar una patada, chutar | He kicked the ball so hard that it went over the fence. Chutó el balón tan fuerte que pasó por encima de la valla. |
| to defeatB1 To win against a person or team in a game or competition. Sinónimos: to beat | derrotar, vencer | They defeated the champions in the final match of the tournament. Derrotaron a los campeones en el partido final del torneo. |
| tournamentB1 A competition with many players or teams and several games until one winner. | el torneo | Our team won the local tennis tournament last summer. Nuestro equipo ganó el torneo local de tenis el verano pasado. |
| medalB1 A round piece of metal you get for winning a competition. | la medalla | She won a gold medal in the swimming championship. Ganó una medalla de oro en el campeonato de natación. |
| refereeB1 The person who controls a game and applies the rules. | el árbitro, la árbitra | The referee stopped the game because some players were arguing. El árbitro paró el partido porque algunos jugadores estaban discutiendo. |
| opponentB1 The person or team that plays against you. Sinónimos: rival | el adversario, el rival | Our opponents were stronger than us, but we played better. Nuestros rivales eran más fuertes que nosotros, pero jugamos mejor. |
| courtB1 An area where you play sports like tennis or basketball. | la pista, la cancha | The tennis courts are free if you book them in the morning. Las pistas de tenis son gratis si las reservas por la mañana. |
| dietB1 The food you usually eat, or a special eating plan. | la dieta | The doctor put him on a special diet without salt or sugar. El médico lo puso a una dieta especial sin sal ni azúcar. |
| balancedB1 Including the right amounts of different types of food. | equilibrado | A balanced diet includes fruit, vegetables, protein and some fat. Una dieta equilibrada incluye fruta, verdura, proteínas y algo de grasa. |
| nutritionB1 Getting the right food for good health. | la nutrición | Good nutrition is especially important for children and old people. Una buena nutrición es especialmente importante para los niños y las personas mayores. |
| nutrientB1 A substance in food that your body needs to stay healthy. | el nutriente | Vegetables lose some of their nutrients when you boil them for a long time. Las verduras pierden parte de sus nutrientes cuando las hierves mucho tiempo. |
| nutritiousB1 Containing substances that your body needs to stay healthy. Sinónimos: healthy | nutritivo | A nutritious breakfast gives you energy for the whole morning. Un desayuno nutritivo te da energía para toda la mañana. |
| proteinB1 A substance in meat, eggs or beans that your body needs to grow. | la proteína | Eggs and fish are excellent sources of protein. Los huevos y el pescado son fuentes excelentes de proteínas. |
| carbohydrateB1 A substance in bread, rice or pasta that gives your body energy. | el hidrato de carbono | Runners often eat carbohydrates, such as pasta, the night before a race. Los corredores suelen comer hidratos de carbono, como pasta, la noche antes de una carrera. |
| fatB1 The oily substance in foods like butter, cheese or meat. | la grasa | Try to eat less fat and more vegetables. Intenta comer menos grasa y más verdura. |
| fibreB1 The part of plants in food that helps your stomach work well. | la fibra | Brown bread contains more fibre than white bread. El pan integral contiene más fibra que el pan blanco. |
| vitaminB1 A natural substance in food that your body needs to be healthy. | la vitamina | Oranges are full of vitamin C, which is good for your skin. Las naranjas están llenas de vitamina C, que es buena para la piel. |
| calorieB1 A unit that measures how much energy food gives you. | la caloría | This cake has more than five hundred calories per piece. Esta tarta tiene más de quinientas calorías por porción. |
| portionB1 The amount of food served to one person. Sinónimos: serving | la ración | The portions in that restaurant are enormous, so we usually share one. Las raciones de ese restaurante son enormes, así que normalmente compartimos una. |
| fillingB1 Making your stomach feel full quickly. | saciante, que llena | Porridge is cheap and very filling, so it is a perfect breakfast. Las gachas de avena son baratas y sacian mucho, así que son un desayuno perfecto. |
| snackB1 A small amount of food you eat between meals. | el tentempié | I always have a healthy snack, like fruit or nuts, in the middle of the morning. A media mañana siempre tomo un tentempié saludable, como fruta o frutos secos. |
| to snackB1 To eat small amounts of food between your main meals. | picar entre horas | I try not to snack between meals during the week. Intento no picar entre horas durante la semana. |
| junk foodB1informal Food that is quick to eat but bad for your health. | la comida basura | If you stop eating junk food, you will feel better in a few weeks. Si dejas de comer comida basura, te sentirás mejor en unas semanas. |
| processedB1 Changed in a factory and not natural any more. | procesado | Processed food usually contains a lot of salt and sugar. La comida procesada suele contener mucha sal y mucho azúcar. |
| homemadeB1 Made at home, not bought from a shop. | casero | My mother's homemade soup is much healthier than tinned soup. La sopa casera de mi madre es mucho más sana que la sopa de lata. |
| organicB1 Grown naturally, without artificial chemicals. | ecológico, bio | Organic vegetables are more expensive, but many people prefer them. Las verduras ecológicas son más caras, pero mucha gente las prefiere. |
| rawB1 Not cooked. | crudo | Eating raw vegetables gives you more vitamins than boiling them. Comer verduras crudas aporta más vitaminas que hervirlas. |
| vegetarianB1 A person who does not eat meat or fish. | el vegetariano, la vegetariana | My sister has been a vegetarian since she was fifteen. Mi hermana es vegetariana desde los quince años. |
| veganB1 A person who does not eat meat, fish, eggs or milk products. | el vegano, la vegana | There are two vegan restaurants in my neighbourhood now. Ahora hay dos restaurantes veganos en mi barrio. |
| dairyB1 Made from milk, like cheese, butter or yoghurt. | lácteo | Some people feel bad after eating dairy products like cheese or yoghurt. Algunas personas se sienten mal después de comer productos lácteos como el queso o el yogur. |
| wholemealB1British English Made using all of the grain, including the outside part. | integral | I have changed to wholemeal bread because it has more fibre. Me he pasado al pan integral porque tiene más fibra. |
| low-fatB1 Containing very little fat. | bajo en grasa | She only buys low-fat yoghurt, but it has quite a lot of sugar. Solo compra yogur bajo en grasa, pero tiene bastante azúcar. |
| sugaryB1 Containing a lot of sugar. | azucarado, con mucho azúcar | Sugary drinks are one of the main causes of health problems in children. Las bebidas azucaradas son una de las principales causas de problemas de salud en los niños. |
| fattyB1 Containing a lot of fat. | graso | Doctors recommend avoiding fatty food if you have heart problems. Los médicos recomiendan evitar la comida grasa si tienes problemas de corazón. |
| appetiteB1 The feeling of wanting to eat. | el apetito | When I'm ill, I lose my appetite and eat almost nothing. Cuando estoy enfermo, pierdo el apetito y no como casi nada. |
| to overeatB1 To eat more food than your body needs. | comer en exceso | Many people overeat when they feel stressed or bored. Mucha gente come en exceso cuando se siente estresada o aburrida. |
| to chewB1 To break food into small pieces with your teeth. | masticar | Chew your food slowly; it is better for your digestion. Mastica la comida despacio; es mejor para la digestión. |
| to swallowB1 To make food or drink go down your throat. | tragar | The tablet was so big that it was difficult to swallow. El comprimido era tan grande que era difícil de tragar. |
| to digestB1 To change food in your stomach into things your body can use. | digerir | Some people find it hard to digest milk. A algunas personas les cuesta digerir la leche. |
| to grillB1 To cook food under or over direct heat, without much oil. | hacer a la parrilla | I usually grill the chicken instead of frying it in oil. Normalmente hago el pollo a la parrilla en vez de freírlo en aceite. |
| flavourB1 The taste of food or drink. Sinónimos: taste | el sabor | This yoghurt comes in three flavours: strawberry, lemon and natural. Este yogur viene en tres sabores: fresa, limón y natural. |
| labelB1 A piece of paper on a product with information about it. | la etiqueta | Read the label carefully to check how much sugar the product contains. Lee la etiqueta con atención para comprobar cuánto azúcar contiene el producto. |
| to containB1 To have something inside. | contener | This snack contains nuts, so it isn't safe for people with allergies. Este tentempié contiene frutos secos, así que no es seguro para las personas con alergias. |
| weightB1 How heavy a person or thing is. | el peso | The doctor said that my weight was normal for my height. El médico dijo que mi peso era normal para mi estatura. |
| to weighB1 To measure how heavy someone or something is. | pesar(se) | I weigh myself once a week, always at the same time. Me peso una vez a la semana, siempre a la misma hora. |
| to put on weightB1 To become heavier and fatter. Sinónimos: gain weight | engordar | He has put on weight since he stopped playing football. Ha engordado desde que dejó de jugar al fútbol. |
| to lose weightB1 To become thinner and less heavy. | adelgazar, perder peso | She lost five kilos by walking an hour every day. Perdió cinco kilos andando una hora todos los días. |
| insomniaB1 The problem of not being able to sleep. | el insomnio | He has suffered from insomnia since he started his stressful new job. Sufre de insomnio desde que empezó su nuevo trabajo tan estresante. |
| napB1 A short sleep, usually during the day. | la siesta | My grandfather always has a short nap after lunch. Mi abuelo siempre se echa una siesta corta después de comer. |
| to yawnB1 To open your mouth wide because you are tired or bored. | bostezar | She couldn't stop yawning during the meeting. No podía parar de bostezar durante la reunión. |
| to snoreB1 To make a loud noise through your nose while you sleep. | roncar | My husband snores so loudly that I sometimes sleep in another room. Mi marido ronca tan fuerte que a veces duermo en otra habitación. |
| to doze offB1informal To fall asleep without planning to, especially during the day. Sinónimos: to fall asleep | quedarse dormido, dar una cabezada | My grandfather always dozes off in front of the television after lunch. Mi abuelo siempre se queda dormido delante de la televisión después de comer. |
| nightmareB1 A frightening dream. | la pesadilla | The child woke up crying because he had had a nightmare. El niño se despertó llorando porque había tenido una pesadilla. |
| to dreamB1 To see images and stories in your mind while you sleep. | soñar | I dreamt about flying over the sea last night. Anoche soñé que volaba sobre el mar. |
| to napB1 To sleep for a short time during the day. | echarse la siesta | I usually nap for twenty minutes after lunch. Normalmente me echo una siesta de veinte minutos después de comer. |
| heartbeatB1 The movement or sound of your heart pumping blood. | el latido del corazón | Exercise makes your heartbeat faster. El ejercicio acelera los latidos del corazón. |
| bedtimeB1 The time when you usually go to bed. | la hora de acostarse | Looking at your phone at bedtime makes it harder to fall asleep. Mirar el móvil a la hora de acostarse hace más difícil quedarse dormido. |
| awakeB1 Not sleeping. | despierto | I was still awake at three o'clock because of the noise. A las tres todavía estaba despierto por el ruido. |
| asleepB1 Sleeping. | dormido | Don't make noise: the children are asleep. No hagas ruido: los niños están dormidos. |
| sleepyB1 Tired and ready to sleep. | somnoliento, con sueño | I always feel sleepy after a big meal. Siempre me entra sueño después de una comida abundante. |
| refreshedB1 Feeling full of energy again after rest or sleep. | descansado, renovado | After eight hours of sleep I woke up feeling completely refreshed. Después de ocho horas de sueño me desperté sintiéndome completamente renovado. |
| to lie downB1 To put your body flat, for example on a bed. | tumbarse | Lie down for a while if you feel dizzy. Túmbate un rato si te sientes mareado. |
| lie-inB1informal, British English A morning when you stay in bed longer than usual. | quedarse en la cama hasta tarde | On Sundays we usually have a lie-in and a late breakfast. Los domingos normalmente nos quedamos en la cama hasta tarde y desayunamos tarde. |
| to stay upB1 To go to bed later than usual. | quedarse levantado | The students stayed up until two in the morning studying for the exam. Los estudiantes se quedaron levantados hasta las dos de la madrugada estudiando para el examen. |
| restlessB1 Not able to relax or stay still. | inquieto, agitado | The patient had a restless night and slept only a few hours. El paciente pasó una noche agitada y durmió solo unas horas. |
| stressB1 The worried feeling you have when you have too many problems. | el estrés | Stress at work can cause sleep problems and headaches. El estrés en el trabajo puede causar problemas de sueño y dolores de cabeza. |
| stressedB1 Feeling worried and nervous because of problems. | estresado | She feels stressed because she has too much to do and no free time. Se siente estresada porque tiene demasiado que hacer y nada de tiempo libre. |
| tenseB1 Not relaxed; with tight muscles because of stress or worry. | tenso | My shoulders feel tense when I spend too many hours at the computer. Noto los hombros tensos cuando paso demasiadas horas delante del ordenador. |
| stressfulB1 Causing stress and worry. | estresante | Moving house is one of the most stressful experiences in life. Mudarse de casa es una de las experiencias más estresantes de la vida. |
| anxietyB1 A strong feeling of worry or fear. | la ansiedad | Breathing slowly can help you control anxiety before an exam. Respirar despacio puede ayudarte a controlar la ansiedad antes de un examen. |
| to worryB1 To keep thinking about problems or bad things that could happen. | preocuparse | Try not to worry about things that you cannot change. Intenta no preocuparte por las cosas que no puedes cambiar. |
| depressionB1 An illness that makes you feel very sad for a long time. | la depresión | After losing his job, he suffered from depression for months. Después de perder el trabajo, sufrió una depresión durante meses. |
| depressedB1 Very sad for a long time. | deprimido | She felt depressed during the long, dark winter. Se sentía deprimida durante el largo y oscuro invierno. |
| moodB1 The way you feel at a particular time. | el estado de ánimo, el humor | Doing exercise in the morning puts me in a good mood for the whole day. Hacer ejercicio por la mañana me pone de buen humor para todo el día. |
| moodyB1 Often changing quickly from a good mood to a bad mood. | de humor cambiante | My teenage brother gets very moody when he doesn't sleep enough. Mi hermano adolescente se pone de muy mal humor cuando no duerme lo suficiente. |
| mentalB1 Connected with the mind. | mental | Mental health is as important as physical health. La salud mental es tan importante como la salud física. |
| meditationB1 The practice of making your mind calm and quiet. | la meditación | Ten minutes of meditation a day can reduce stress. Diez minutos de meditación al día pueden reducir el estrés. |
| to meditateB1 To sit quietly and make your mind calm. | meditar | She meditates for a few minutes every morning before work. Medita unos minutos cada mañana antes de trabajar. |
| mindfulnessB1 Paying calm attention to the present moment. | la atención plena, el mindfulness | Our teacher uses mindfulness exercises to help us concentrate. Nuestro profesor usa ejercicios de mindfulness para ayudarnos a concentrarnos. |
| to calm downB1 To become quiet and relaxed after being angry or nervous. | calmarse, tranquilizarse | Try to calm down before you answer that message. Intenta calmarte antes de responder a ese mensaje. |
| calmB1 Quiet, relaxed and not nervous. Sinónimos: relaxed, quiet | tranquilo, sereno | She always stays calm in difficult situations. Siempre mantiene la calma en situaciones difíciles. |
| postureB1 The way you hold your body when you sit or stand. | la postura | Good posture prevents back pain when you work at a desk. Una buena postura evita el dolor de espalda cuando trabajas en un escritorio. |
| therapyB1 Treatment for a problem of the mind, usually by talking. | la terapia | Therapy helped her understand and control her fears. La terapia la ayudó a entender y controlar sus miedos. |
| therapistB1 A person trained to help people with problems of the mind or body. | el terapeuta, la terapeuta | His therapist taught him some simple breathing exercises. Su terapeuta le enseñó unos ejercicios sencillos de respiración. |
| to cheer upB1 To make somebody feel happier, or to become happier. | animar, animarse | We bought her some flowers to cheer her up. Le compramos unas flores para animarla. |
| to relaxB1 To rest and become calm. | relajarse | You need to relax more; you can't work every weekend. Necesitas relajarte más; no puedes trabajar todos los fines de semana. |
| to unwindB1informal To relax after a period of work or stress. Sinónimos: to relax | desconectar, relajarse | I listen to quiet music in the evening to unwind after work. Por la noche escucho música tranquila para desconectar después del trabajo. |
| relaxingB1 Making you feel calm and rested. | relajante | We spent a relaxing afternoon reading by the pool. Pasamos una tarde relajante leyendo junto a la piscina. |
| laughterB1 The sound you make when you laugh. | la risa | Laughter is one of the best medicines against stress. La risa es una de las mejores medicinas contra el estrés. |
| hygieneB1 Keeping yourself and things around you clean to stay healthy. | la higiene | Good hygiene, like washing your hands, prevents many illnesses. Una buena higiene, como lavarse las manos, previene muchas enfermedades. |
| deodorantB1 A product you put under your arms to smell nice. | el desodorante | I always put on deodorant after having a shower. Siempre me pongo desodorante después de ducharme. |
| razorB1 A tool with a thin blade used for shaving. | la cuchilla de afeitar | Be careful with that razor; it is very sharp. Ten cuidado con esa cuchilla; está muy afilada. |
| to shaveB1 To cut hair from your face or body with a razor. | afeitarse | My father shaves every morning before going to work. Mi padre se afeita todas las mañanas antes de ir a trabajar. |
| suncreamB1 A cream that protects your skin from the sun. Sinónimos: sunscreen | la crema solar | Put on suncream every two hours when you are at the beach. Ponte crema solar cada dos horas cuando estés en la playa. |
| moisturiserB1 A cream that stops your skin from getting dry. | la crema hidratante | She uses a moisturiser every night because her skin gets dry. Usa una crema hidratante todas las noches porque se le seca la piel. |
| tissueB1 A soft paper you use to clean your nose. | el pañuelo de papel | Could you give me a tissue, please? My nose is running. ¿Me das un pañuelo, por favor? Me gotea la nariz. |
| nailB1 The hard part at the end of your fingers and toes. | la uña | She bites her nails when she is nervous, which is a difficult habit to break. Se muerde las uñas cuando está nerviosa, lo cual es un hábito difícil de dejar. |
| dental flossB1 A thin string used to clean between your teeth. | el hilo dental | The dentist told me to use dental floss every day, not just my toothbrush. El dentista me dijo que usara hilo dental todos los días, no solo el cepillo. |
| to brushB1 To clean or make something tidy using a brush. | cepillar, cepillarse | You should brush your teeth for two minutes, twice a day. Deberías cepillarte los dientes durante dos minutos, dos veces al día. |
| habitB1 Something you do often, almost without thinking. | el hábito, la costumbre | Eating fruit for dessert is a healthy habit that is easy to keep. Comer fruta de postre es un hábito saludable y fácil de mantener. |
| routineB1 The things you always do in the same order or at the same times. | la rutina | A regular sleep routine helps you rest better at night. Una rutina de sueño regular te ayuda a descansar mejor por la noche. |
| dailyB1 Happening or done every day. Sinónimos: every day | diario, a diario | She walks to work daily and takes the stairs instead of the lift. Va andando al trabajo a diario y sube por las escaleras en vez de coger el ascensor. |
| to cut downB1 To do or use less of something, like sugar or coffee. | reducir (el consumo) | My doctor told me to cut down on coffee. Mi médico me dijo que redujera el café. |
| addictionB1 The problem of not being able to stop taking or doing something. | la adicción | Sugar addiction is more common than most people think. La adicción al azúcar es más común de lo que la mayoría de la gente cree. |
| addictedB1 Not able to stop taking or doing something. | adicto | Many teenagers are addicted to their phones and sleep badly because of it. Muchos adolescentes son adictos al móvil y duermen mal por eso. |
| alcoholB1 Drinks like wine and beer that can change how you feel. | el alcohol | The doctor advised him to drink less alcohol and more water. El médico le aconsejó beber menos alcohol y más agua. |
| tobaccoB1 The plant that cigarettes are made from. | el tabaco | Tobacco is responsible for thousands of deaths every year. El tabaco es responsable de miles de muertes cada año. |
| caffeineB1 The substance in coffee and tea that keeps you awake. | la cafeína | Avoid caffeine in the evening if you want to sleep well. Evita la cafeína por la tarde-noche si quieres dormir bien. |
| smokerB1 A person who smokes cigarettes. | el fumador, la fumadora | Smokers have a much higher risk of lung problems. Los fumadores tienen un riesgo mucho mayor de problemas pulmonares. |
| lifestyleB1 The way a person lives, including habits, food and free time. | el estilo de vida | Moving to the countryside completely changed our lifestyle. Mudarnos al campo cambió por completo nuestro estilo de vida. |
| healthyB1 Good for your health, or having good health. | sano, saludable | Cooking at home is usually healthier than eating out. Cocinar en casa suele ser más sano que comer fuera. |
| unhealthyB1 Bad for your health, or not having good health. | poco saludable, malsano | It is unhealthy to sit in front of a screen all day. No es saludable estar sentado delante de una pantalla todo el día. |
| activeB1 Doing a lot of physical activities. | activo | My grandparents stay active by dancing and working in the garden. Mis abuelos se mantienen activos bailando y trabajando en el jardín. |
| harmfulB1 Causing damage to health or to something. Sinónimos: bad, dangerous | perjudicial, dañino | Too much sun can be harmful to your skin. Demasiado sol puede ser perjudicial para la piel. |
| beneficialB1 Good and helpful for you. Sinónimos: good, healthy | beneficioso | A short walk after dinner is beneficial for your digestion. Un paseo corto después de cenar es beneficioso para la digestión. |
| regularlyB1 Often, and at more or less the same times. | con regularidad, regularmente | You should do exercise regularly, not just once a month. Deberías hacer ejercicio con regularidad, no solo una vez al mes. |
| painfulB1 Causing pain. | doloroso | The injection was less painful than I expected. La inyección fue menos dolorosa de lo que esperaba. |
| constipatedB1 Not able to empty your body of solid waste easily. | estreñido | He felt constipated because he never ate fruit or vegetables. Estaba estreñido porque nunca comía fruta ni verdura. |
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