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The Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) is the international standard for measuring language proficiency. It’s used by schools, employers, and language apps worldwide.
| Level | Name | You can… | Words |
|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | Beginner | Introduce yourself, order food, ask directions | ~500 |
| A2 | Elementary | Handle daily routines, describe your background | ~1,200 |
| B1 | Intermediate | Discuss opinions, travel independently, describe experiences | ~2,500 |
| B2 | Upper Intermediate | Follow news, debate topics, write essays | ~4,000 |
| C1 | Advanced | Use language flexibly, understand implicit meaning, work in target language | ~6,000 |
| C2 | Mastery | Understand virtually everything, express yourself precisely | ~8,000+ |
Not sure which level? Start with A1 if you’re a complete beginner. If you already know some words, try A2 or B1. Word counts are cumulative — B1 assumes you already know the A1 and A2 vocabulary.
250 essential Mandarin Chinese words for absolute beginners (CEFR A1 / HSK 1-2). Greetings, numbers, colors, pronouns, basic verbs, and survival phrases. All words and example sentences include pinyin romanization alongside simplified characters (e.g. 吃 · chī).
250 everyday Mandarin Chinese words (CEFR A1 / HSK 1-2). Family, food, body parts, clothing, home, animals, weather, emotions, occupations, and transportation. All words and example sentences include pinyin romanization alongside simplified characters.
230 Mandarin Chinese words for everyday conversations (CEFR A2 / HSK 2-3). Opinions, feelings, social interactions, making plans, and giving advice. All words and example sentences include pinyin romanization alongside simplified characters.
220 Mandarin Chinese words for travel (CEFR A2 / HSK 2-3). Airport, hotel, restaurant, directions, transportation, sightseeing, and emergencies. All words and example sentences include pinyin romanization alongside simplified characters.
220 Mandarin Chinese words for daily routines (CEFR A2 / HSK 2-3). Household chores, cooking, shopping, hygiene, hobbies, technology, and work routines. All words and example sentences include pinyin romanization alongside simplified characters.
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